Symbology / Symbologies

Symbologies refer to the different types or formats of barcodes used to encode information. Each symbology defines the rules for how data is represented and the specific patterns of bars and spaces used to encode the information. Different symbologies are used for various applications based on factors like the amount of data to be encoded, the industry requirements, and the type of scanning technology being used.

Common 1D (linear) barcode symbologies include:

1. UPC (Universal Product Code): Used primarily in retail, UPC barcodes are widely recognized on consumer products and consist of 12 or 8 digits.

2. EAN (International Article Number): Similar to UPC, EAN barcodes are used for product identification and have either 13 or 8 digits.

3. Code 128: A high-density, variable-length symbology used in various industries for encoding alphanumeric characters.

4. Code 39: A widely used alphanumeric symbology, often used for industrial applications.

5. Code 93: A compact alphanumeric symbology, an improvement over Code 39 with additional characters.

6. Interleaved 2 of 5 / ITF: A numeric-only symbology that encodes data using sets of five bars, with two bars representing one character and the next two bars representing the next character, commonly used in logistics and distribution for labeling packages and products.

7. Standard 2 of 5 / IATA: A numeric-only symbology that encodes data using sets of five bars, with two of the bars being wide, and it is primarily used in industrial applications and warehouse management systems.

8. Codabar / NW-7: A simple symbology used in libraries, blood banks and the parcel delivery industry.

9. GS1 DataBar: A family of linear barcode symbologies developed by GS1, capable of encoding various data formats and used for smaller-sized items, fresh produce, and couponing applications.


Common 2D (matrix) barcode symbologies include:

1. QR Code (Quick Response Code): A two-dimensional symbology capable of encoding much more data, including URLs, contact information, and more.

2. Data Matrix: A two-dimensional symbology often used for small item marking, packaging and electronics.

3. PDF417: A stacked linear symbology capable of encoding large amounts of data, commonly used in government, identification cards, and logistics.

4. Aztec: A two-dimensional matrix symbology capable of encoding large amounts of data within a compact square-shaped design, commonly used for applications like electronic tickets, mobile payments, and document management.

5. MaxiCode: A two-dimensional matrix symbology used by the United Parcel Service (UPS) for high-speed package sorting and tracking, with a unique hexagonal pattern surrounding a central bulls-eye, encoding essential shipping information.

2D (Matrix) Barcode

A matrix code, also termed a 2D barcode or simply a 2D code, is a two-dimensional way to represent information. Below is an example of 2D barcode:

1D (Linear) Barcode

A first-generation, "one-dimensional "  barcode is made up of lines and spaces of various widths that create specific patterns. Below is an example of 1D barcode:

For more examples of 1D barcodes and 2D barcodes, please click here to download.